Double downdraft-kiln.



No. 738,419. P'ATENTED SEPT. s, 1903.

' F. w. DENNIS.

' DOUBLE DOWNDRAFT KILN.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 25, 1903.

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No. 738,419. PATENTED SEPT. 8, 1903. F. W. DENNIS.

DOUBLE DOWNDRAFT KILN.

APPLIOATIGB FILED JUNE 25, 1903.

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Patented September 8, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK W. DENNIS, OF ATLANTA, GEORGIA.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 738,419, dated September 8, 1903. Application filed June 25,1903. Serial No. 163,138. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FREDERICK W. DENNIS, a citizen of the United'States, residing at Atlanta, in the county of Fulton and State of Georgia,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Double Downdraft-Kilns; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention is a new double downdraftkiln; and it consists in the novel construction and arrangement of its several parts, as set forth in this specification and claims hereto attached.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents the ground plan of my invention or a horizontal section of the same on the dotted linens mof Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is an end elevation, one-half of the figure, however, showing a cross-section through the center of the kiln; Fig. 3, a side elevation. Fig. 4 is a sectional view out through the middle of the center wall, which carries the inner ends of the longitudinal arches.

My invention is described as follows:

1 represents posts or buckstays at the end of the kiln.

2 represents buckst-ays on each side of the kiln; 3, openings or-cross-arches through the center wall. These arches span lengthwise the kiln.

4 represents flues to chimneys in the center wall; 5, double chimneys, one part opening to the right and the other to the left of the kiln; 6, openings or holes over flame-wall into the kiln for downdraft. The draft enters the door at 9, passes through the furnace 8, over the flame-wall 22, and down in the direction of the dotted line 6 and up through one of the fines 4 of the double chimney 5.

7 represents bars in the bottom of the furnaces 8; 7, the pit or opening under the bars, where the ashes, cinders, &c., collect.

8 represents the furnaces or fire boxes.

The fire-walls 22 are curved for the purpose of strengthening them.

9 represents doors of the furnaces; 10,

backing on the arches between the chimneys; 11, arches over doors of the furnaces.

12 represents holes or openings to dry off the kiln by updraft as the water and smoke passes off up through the openings in the top of the main or longitudinal arches. These openings are also used to cool off the kiln when burned, as Well as to make the kiln cool to work in.

12' represents holes or openings at the lower ends of the flues 4 of the double chimneys 5. There is one of these openings in each flue of these double chimneys, one opening to one side and the other to the other side of the kiln.

13 represents a door in the front end of the kiln, Fig. 2, through which the laborers enter into one of the archways of the kiln. At the rear end of the kiln is asimilar door. There are also similar doors at the front and rear ends of the other archway. These doors are for the purpose of allowing the kiln to be loaded and unloaded. When the 'kiln is loaded, these doorways are bricked up tight and mudded before firing the kiln, leaving, however, peep-holes through full length of kiln, also through the doors.

14 represents taps on the ends of the rods 20; 15, washers on said rods; 16, Fig. 3, sixby-eight timbers, with brick between them, crosswise of the kiln. These brick are to keep the timbers from getting on fire.

17 represents backing or concrete of the main or longitudinal arches. I'usethe word concrete because that is the material most used for backing the arches; but any other suitable material maybe used. 18 represents openings through the tops of the said longitudinal arches 23 for measuring the settle of the bricks to be burned, also for light and for cooling off the-kiln; 19, partitions in the fines of the double chimneys 5; 20, rods to brace the kiln; 21, posts in the ground for buckstays, Fig. 3; 22, flame-walls at the back end of the furnaces; 23, the main or longitudinal arches. These main or longitudinal arches are provided with openings their en tire lengths at intervals with openings 18, as represented in Fig. 2.

It will be understood that the kiln is substantially rectangular and oblong, there runs around the entire kiln a solid wall except from one end of the kiln to the other a solid wall, save archways, between each chimney. This center wall supports the inner end of the main or longitudinal arches, while the outer ends of said arches are supported by side "walls; 7 7

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A double downdraft-kiln, substantially rectangular and oblong in shape, consisting of solid outer walls except where cut through by openings; a row of double chimneys in the longitudinal center of the kiln, each chimney provided with two flues, one having an opening at its bottom, facing one side of the kiln and the other having an opening at its bottom, facing the other side of the kiln; furnaces arranged along each side of the kiln,

dinal arches extending the entire length of the kiln, the inner ends of said arches resting on the center wall and their outer ends on the outer walls; doors situated at each end of said arches; cross-arches,one between each of the double chimneys; openings in the side walls on a level with the floor of the kiln opposite the chimney; backing in the center wall between each chimney and backing in the longitudinal arches; said kiln braced by rods and stays, substantially as shown and described and for the purposes set'forth.

2. A double downdraft-kiln substantially rectangular and oblong in shape, consisting of solid outer walls, except when out through by openings; a row of double chimneys 5, each having two flues in the longitudinal center of the kiln, each flue of said chimneys having an opening at its bottom, one facing one side of the kiln and the other the other side of the kiln; furnaces 8, arranged along each side of the kiln, each provided with a curved inner fire-wall 22, leaving openings 6, one above each fire-wall; longitudinal arches 23, extending the entire length of the kiln and provided with openings 18, in their tops, the inner a tween them; buckstays 1 and 2, ateach end and each side of the kiln iron rods 20, bracing said kiln provided with suitable nuts and Washers; the said walls provided with openings 12, on a line with the floor, one between each furnace and opposite the fines of the double chimneys, substantially as shown and described and for the purposes set forth.

3. A double downdraft-kiln, consisting of outer walls; a row of double chimneys in the longitudinal center of the kiln, the flue-openings in said chimneys, one row facing one side wall and the other facing the other side wall; the side walls provided with openings opposite said flue-openings; furnaces arranged along each side of the kiln; curved fire-walls across the inner ends of said furnaces, leaving openings above each fire-Wall; longitudinal arches extending the entire length of the kiln and provided with openings in their tops; and doors in each end; crossarches one between each of the double chimneys, said arches provided with suitable back ing; said kiln braced and stayed by suitable timbers, rods, and nuts, substantially as shown and described and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FREDERICK W. DENNIS.

Witnesses:

S. J. ELDER, WALTER MOELREATH. 

